Means for cooling or freezing liquids.



J. B. MITCHELL. MEANS FOR COOLING 0R FREEZING LIQUIDS. APPLICATION FILED FEB- 27; 1914.

1,178,744, Patefited Apr. 11,1916.

za ze s es. 2 jz 'o Fm M @azmz.mzcimza THB COLUMBIA PLANOURAPH 510-, WASHINUILDNI 1D- JOHN BATTEN MITCHELL, or LONDON, ENGLAND.

MEANS FOR COOLING OR FREE ZING LIQUIDS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 11, 1916.

Application filed February 27, 1914. Serial No. 821,498.

To all whom it may concern 7 Be it known that I, JOHN BATTEN MITCHELL, a subject of the King of the British Dominions, residing at London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Means for 0001- ing or Freezing Liquids, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of freezing or cooling apparatus which consists essentially of two concentric vessels, via, an outer vessel containing the liquid to be cooled or frozen, and an inner vessel which contains a freezing mixture and is suspended from the upper edge of the outer vessel.

According to my invention, the inner vessel is closed by a plug through which passes the spindle of an agitator foo-axial with the said vessel and adapted to move up and down, in the same.

The inner vessel is suspended on the outer vessel by means of an annular flange which overlaps the edge of the outer vessel and allows the air in the same to communicate with the atmosphere. deflects outward any liquid that may escape from the inner vessel and prevents it from entering the outer vessel and contaminating the contents of the latter.

' In the accompanying drawings'Figure 1 is a vertical section of a cooling or freezing apparatus embodying my invention, Fig. 2 is a horizontal section along line A-B of Fig. 1 showing a portion of the flange c broken off. Figs. 3, 4 and 5 represent modifications. i

a indicates a cylindrical metallic receptacle which contains the liquid to be cooled and is surrounded with a cylindrical jacket a of insulating material, such as cardboard] or papier mach. The said receptacle is mounted on a wooden stand or base I) provided with a flange b or a guide for holding the receptacle on the side.

concentrically to the outer receptacle a is mountedan inner receptacle 0 for the cooling material. It extends above the outer're ceptacle a and is preferably provided with an inclined or curved flange 0 which serves to support the inner receptacle on the edge of the outer receptacle, to maintain the coaxial position of the inner to the outer vessel, and to prevent any overflow from the inner receptacle from finding its way into the outer receptacle. The said flange is The said flange preferably provided at'its basewith three lugs g, which rest on the edge'of the outer receptacle and allow air to enter or gases to escape from the latter between the said lugs; The upperend of the inner receptacle 1s hermetically closed by a plug d of cork,

india rubber'or other suitable material, fixed to the base of a Wooden disk d which extends'over the" edge of the inner receptacle and has a central opening at? for the agitator.

The latter consists preferably of a metallic 'rod'e" which is placed in the axis of the receptacle and has at the upper end'a detachable button or handle e while the lower end situated a suitable distance above the bottom of the inner receptacle, carries a metallic disk 6 provided at its circumference with notches 0 While another notched disk 6 smaller than the first, is

mounted a short distance above the same.

The inner receptacle is charged with ma terials adapted to abstract heat from the surroundings in a known manner, either by and a solution of the said salts in the water produced with the aid ofthe'agitator, a repeated up and down motion of which iseffected by hand. If the outer receptacle is well insulated, if the space betweenthe inner and outer receptacle is relatively narrow and the temperature of the room not too fhigh, a film of ice may thus be produced on the outer surface ofthe inner receptacle in the course of a few minutes.

In the construction represented by Fig. I

8 the outer receptacle consists of a doublewalled cylinder f, f made of sheet metal, glass, porcelain or other suitable material. A vacuum is produced between the walls of the outer cylinder in a known manner, so

as to form an insulating jacket between the The inner vessel is pended concentrically from the upper edge I 9.1 the outer receptacle a by means of a conical flange 0 and three lugs 9 each of which has in its base an angular recess.

The agitator shown in Fig. 1 may be modified in the manner shown by Fig. 5 which represents the lower end of an improved agitator. On the spindle e are i mounted a pair of disks similar to the disks 6 and e shown in Figs. 1 and 9.,except that the segments formed between consecutive notches or slots are alternately bent upward and downward, the upper disk thus having two segments 6, turned upward from the plane of the disk, and two segments 6 turned downward from the same, while the lower diskhas two segments 6 turned upward andtwo segments a bent downward. The object of this modification is to increase the efiiciency of the agitator.

If some of the solution contained in the inner vessel accidentally flows over the edge of the same, it cannot enter the outer vessel and contaminate the beverage or other liquid contained in the same, but is deflected outward by the flange of the inner vessel.

For the rapid cooling of liquids or the rapid production of ice in small quantities, it is necessary, of course, that the transmission of heat from the outer to the inner vessel should be facilitated and that the heating of the outer vessel from'the surrounding air should be prevented by a suitable choice of materials for the said vessels, as described above, and it is equally important that the radial distance between the inner and outer vessel should not exceed a suitably small fraction of the radius of the inner vessel, or that the cross-sectional area of the annular space between the inner and outer vessel should not exceed a suitably small fraction of the cross sectional area of the inner vessel. On the other hand, if the said space is too narrow, the ice formed by the abstraction of heat may fill up the said space and adhere to both vessels, so that it is difficult afterward to remove the inner.

the inner vessel is about 1% inches and the radial width of the clearance space is about -tinch, viz. about of the radius of the inner vessel.

What I claim is 1. In apparatus for cooling or freezing liquids by means of an inner vessel intended to hold a freezing mixture and an outer vessel intended to hold the liquid to be cooled, the combination of an outer vessel having insulating Walls with an inner vessel extending substantially above the outer vessel and provided with an annular flange adapted to suspend the inner Vessel from the upper edge of the outer vessel and to prevent any overflow from the inner vessel from entering the outer vessel, while allowing communication of air between the outer vessel and the atmosphere, substantially as described.

2. Apparatus for cooling liquids, comprising an outer receptacle having insulating walls and an inner receptacle adapted to be mounted coaxially on the outer receptacle so that the lower part dips-into the same but leaves a narrow clearance at the sides and bottom while the part situated above the outer receptacle has an external flange of approximately conical shape, so as to prevent any liquid flowing over the edge of the inner receptacle from entering the outer receptacle, the base of the said flange having several lugs adapted to rest on the edge of the outer receptacle and to leave between the lugs air spaces through which the outer receptacle may communicate with the atmos phere, substantially as described.

3. In apparatus for cooling liquids comprising an outer receptacle for the liquid to be cooled and an inner receptacle for the cooling medium, the combination of the inner receptacle with a rod guided axially in the inner receptacle and having at its lower end a pair of disks of substantially smaller diameter than the inside of the inner receptacle, the said disks having different diameters and being mounted a short distance one above the other and the disks having radial notches between which the metal is alternately turned upward and downward. I

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JQHN BATTEN MITCHELL. l vitnesses J. WETTER,

. .I -IENRY- J. BROCKWELL.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington; D. C. 

